Charles Bonnet Syndrome (CBS) is a condition where individuals with significant vision loss experience complex visual hallucinations. These hallucinations are recognized as unreal by the person experiencing them. CBS can affect anyone with severe vision impairment, regardless of the cause of the vision loss.

These visual hallucinations may be shapes, colours, animals or objects and scenes. They may be static or moving. They may disappear without any intervention.

The condition was first described by Charles Bonnet in 1760, highlighting its long-recognized presence in the medical community.

Prevalence Among Individuals with Retinal Conditions

The prevalence of CBS varies widely, with estimates ranging from 1% to nearly 10% in visually impaired populations. It is more common in older adults but can occur at any age following significant vision loss. Conditions such as diabetic retinopathy, age-related macular degeneration (ARMD), glaucoma, and cataracts can lead to CBS due to the visual impairment they cause.

Available Treatments

There is currently no cure for CBS, and treatment focuses on managing symptoms. Strategies include reassurance, education about the condition, and coping techniques such as adjusting lighting or engaging in activities that distract from the hallucinations. In some cases, medications used for other conditions may help reduce the frequency or intensity of hallucinations.

Support Groups in South Africa

Retina South Africa provides information and may offer support resources for individuals dealing with CBS. Retina South Africa highlights the importance of awareness and education about CBS, especially given the condition’s under-reporting due to fears of mental health stigma. We emphasize the need for more research and better support mechanisms for those affected.

For further details on Charles Bonnet Syndrome and support resources at Retina South Africa, visit our Charles Bonnet Syndrome page or listen to the Webinar “Let’s talk about the Elephant in the Room – Charles Bonnet Syndrome”  

If you experience these hallucinations and need more information please contact your eye-healthcare practitioner, or email Claudette Medefindt at claudette@retinasa.org.za